The Outbreak of the Peloponnesian War by DONALD KAGAN

Author:DONALD KAGAN
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Cornell University Press

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1 Gomme, Hist. Comm., I, 158.

2 Thuc. 1. 24. 1—2; the date of foundation comes from the Chronicles of Eusebius and is generally accepted as approximately correct. See Gomme, Hist. Commn., I, 158, Will (Korinthiaka, 371) and Graham, Colony and Mother City, 30—31, the last of whom demonstrates that Epidamnus was unquestionably a Corcyrean colony.

3 Thuc. 1. 24. 3. For the early history of Epidamnus, my chief source is R. L. Beaumont, ]HS, LVI (1936), 159ff., especially 166—168. The story of the wooing of Agariste is told in Hdt. 6. 127, and the tale of the Elean exiles comes from Strabo, p. 357.

4 Paus. 6. 10. 5.

5 Thuc. 1. 24. 5; Plut. Quaest. Graec. 29. 297F; Beaumont, op. cit., 167.

6 Wentker, Sizilien und Athen, 11, makes more of the special relationship between the first settlers of a colony, who become its nobility, and the mother city than the evidence warrants. He believes that the mother city established a position of hegemony based on a bond of service between the noble colonists and the metropolis (p. 13). I agree with Graham (p. 151) that Corinth’s support of the Epidamnian democrats shows that the idea is “somewhat farfetched.”

7 Thuc. 1. 24. 5–7.

8 Hdt. 7. 154; Graham, Colony and Mother City, 143–144.

9 Thuc. 1. 25. 1–3.

10 Graham, Colony and Mother City, 128–153.

11 Thuc. 1. 26. 3; Graham, Colony and Mother City, 149–150.

12 Diod. 12. 30. 3: ἀξιοῦντες τοὠς Kερκυραίους συγγενεῖς ὄντας βοηθῆσαι.

13 Thuc. 1. 70.

14 For an oligarchic or aristocratic rule at Corcyra, see Busolt, GG, III: 2, 766 and 774–5; Bernhard Schmidt, Korkyraeische Studien (Leipzig, 1890), 67; Meyer, GdA, IV: 1, 566; IV: 2, 6; Glotz and Cohen, HG, II, 615. Those who believe Corcyra was democratic include Grote (IV, 537) and Bürchner (PW, XII, 1413). Legon (.op. cit., 8–12) presents a useful discussion of the problem and arrives at the cautious conclusion that before the war Corcyra was either a democracy or a moderate oligarchy which could easily move in the direction of democracy without trouble. He rules out, however, the kind of aristocracy that would be automatically sympathetic with Epidamnian aristocrats.

15 Beaumont, op. cit., 167.

16 Thuc. 1. 26. 2—3: δέει τῶν Kερκυραίων μὴ κωλύωναι ὑπ’ αὐτῶν κατὰ θάλασσαν περαιούμενοι.

17 The case for Corinthian economic interests in Illyria is made best by Beaumont, op. cit., 181—186 and accepted by Michell, Economics, 244–247.

18 Strabo, 326, placed it “somewhere near [πλησίον δέ που]” some Illyrian peoples far to the north of Epidamnus and Apollonia. O. Davies (Roman Mines in Europe [Oxford, 1935], 239) says the mines were located too far from the coast to have been controlled by the Greeks, although Beaumont points out that Strabo tells us that one of the local tribes was ruled by a Corinthian Bacchiad (p. 182). According to J. M. F. May (The Coinage of Damastion and the Lesser Coinages of the lllyro-Paeonian Region [London, 1939], viii ff., 2ff.), the coinage of Damastium, which is not known before the fourth century, was current to the west, in the Chakidice.

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